Home / Cleo Libonati, RN, BSN

Author Archives: Cleo Libonati, RN, BSN

Avatar photo
Cleo Libonati, RN, BSN is CEO and co-Founder of Gluten Free Works, Inc. and Glutenfreeworks.com. She is the author and publisher of the highly recommended celiac disease reference guide, Recognizing Celiac Disease.

Hypomagnesemia (Low Blood Level of Magnesium)

What Is Hypomagnesemia? Hypomagnesemia means the level of magnesium in the bloodstream is too low to meet metabolic needs of the body for this mineral. Q: What are the metabolic needs of the body for magnesium? A: The metabolic needs ...

Read More »

Secondary Amenorrhea

What Is Secondary Amenorrhea? Secondary amenorrhea is a menstrual disorder characterized by absence of menstruation for more than 3 months in females who had previously menstruated. Menstruation is the shedding of the endometrium (inner lining) of the uterus that occurs two weeks ...

Read More »

Zincemia (Low Zinc Blood Level)

Zincemia low zinc level symptom of celiac disease and gluten

What Is Zincemia? Zincemia means the zinc level in blood plasma is too low to meet metabolic needs of the body for this mineral. Q: How important is a normal blood level of zinc? A: A low blood level of ...

Read More »

C-Reactive Protein (CRP): definition

A blood marker of systemic inflammation.

Read More »

Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy (Active Celiac Disease)

What Is Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy? Gluten sensitive enteropathy is active celiac disease characterized by inflammation of the small intestinal mucosa that results from an inherited immunologic intolerance to ingested gluten. Q: What does the inflammation do to the mucosa in the small ...

Read More »

Dental Enamel Defects (Defective Tooth Enamel)

What Are Dental Enamel Defects? Dental enamel defects (DED) comprise a variety of abnormalities in the dental enamel of the second or permanent teeth and of primary or baby teeth. Teeth may appear with pits, thin or missing enamel, non-white enamel (yellow, ...

Read More »

Dermatomyositis

What Is Dermatomyositis? Dermatomyositis is a rare autoimmune systemic disease of the connective tissue that is characterized by inflammatory and debilitating degenerative changes in the muscles and in the skin.  Dermatomyositis results in symmetric, proximal muscle weakness of limbs (upper arms and ...

Read More »

Gas

What Is Obnoxious Gas? Obnoxious gas, or flatus, is gas that is not only offensive when passed but also lingers in the air longer than ordinary gas does. Gas is a natural digestive product within the colon that is composed mainly of ...

Read More »

Stomach Acid, Low: definition

A decrease in or lack of normally occurring hydrochloric acid in the digestive juices of the stomach, causing food to remain in the stomach longer than the usual period of time needed for digestion. This can cause heartburn and/or indigestion and may produce gas. ...

Read More »

Low Plasma Proteins

What Are Low Plasma Proteins? Low plasma proteins found in blood indicates an abnormal blood level. Plasma proteins are any of the proteins that constitute about 6% to 7% of the blood plasma in the body. They include albumin, fibrinogen, ...

Read More »

Copper Deficiency

What Is Copper Deficiency? Copper is an essential trace element that is required for a number of enzymes which are necessary for normal metabolic function. In the body almost all the copper is present as a component of copper proteins ...

Read More »

Hypertension, Reversible

What Is Reversible Hypertension? Reversible hypertension is a pressure disorder of arteries associated with increased systemic (body wide) blood vessel resistance to blood flow due to endothelial (cell) dysfunction of arterial blood vessels that can improve with nutritional treatment. Hypertension ...

Read More »

Homocysteine, Elevated Blood Level (Hyperhomocysteinemia)

What Is Elevated Homocysteine? Elevated homocysteine in blood, called hyperhomocysteinemia, indicates an abnormal blood level of this transient amino acid. Q: How does the level of homocysteine become abnormal? A: In metabolism, homocysteine is briefly formed in the breakdown of ...

Read More »

Medical Research Study or Clinical Trial: definition

Medical reseach conducted to investigate various aspects of disease such as how many people are at risk, how do people get the disease, and what treatment can help or cure the disease. It may show a treatment that is new or ...

Read More »

Clinical Trial or Medical Research Study: definition

Medical reseach conducted to investigate various aspects of disease such as how many people are at risk, how do people get the disease, and what treatment can help or cure the disease. It may show a treatment that is new or ...

Read More »