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BODY SYSTEMS AFFECTED

This category is an alphabetical listing of any and all health conditions that affect individual body systems.

Hypertension, Reversible

What Is Reversible Hypertension? Reversible hypertension is a pressure disorder of arteries associated with increased systemic (body wide) blood vessel resistance to blood flow due to endothelial (cell) dysfunction of arterial blood vessels that can improve with nutritional treatment. Hypertension ...

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Homocysteine, Elevated Blood Level (Hyperhomocysteinemia)

What Is Elevated Homocysteine? Elevated homocysteine in blood, called hyperhomocysteinemia, indicates an abnormal blood level of this transient amino acid. Q: How does the level of homocysteine become abnormal? A: In metabolism, homocysteine is briefly formed in the breakdown of ...

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Bone Tissue: definition

Called osseous tissue. Bone is composed of specialized connective tissue (collagen) made up of living bone cells (osteocytes) that are embedded in a hard matrix (framework) of calcified substance. Bone matrix contains collagen fibers and the minerals calcium phosphate and ...

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B Lymphocytes or B Cells

A small white blood cell that plays a major role in defending the body against disease. B lymphocytes or B cells make antibodies that attack bacteria and toxins.

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T Lymphocytes or T Cells

A small white blood cell that plays a major role in defending the body against disease. T lymphocytes or T cells are also called T regulatory cells.  T cells attack body cells themselves when they have been taken over by ...

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FoxP3+ T cells: definition

FoxP3+ T cells represent a major subset of regulatory T cells. They can be produced as natural or induced cells. FoxP3+ T cells are made in the thymus gland as natural FoxP3+ T cells and periphery as induced FoxP3+ T ...

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Dry Eyes, Chronic

What Is Chronic Dry Eye Syndrome? Chronic dry eye syndrome is an inflammatory condition of the conjunctiva with inadequate tear production or distribution over the eye surface. It is characterized by surface damage to the conjunctiva, giving the appearance of ...

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Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

What Is Eczema? Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a chronic recurring inflammatory skin disorder characterized by itching, eczematous plaques and a defective epidermal barrier (surface layer of skin cells) that fails to hold moisture, with affected areas becoming dry then inflamed. ...

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Exocrine Glands: definition

Glands of the skin or mucous membranes that secrete the substances they produce into ducts leading to a target body surface and ultimately to the outside of the body. Examples are sweat glands in the skin, lacrimal glands in eyelids, ...

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Cataracts

What Are Cataracts? Cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens in an affected eye characterized by blurred vision and progressive blindness due to loss of the len’s ability to focus light rays on the retina. Cataracts can occur ...

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Intraepithelial Lymphocytosis In Normal Small Bowel Samples 

What Is Intraepithelial Lymphocytosis In Normal Small Bowel Samples? Intraepithelial lymphocytosis is characterized by an abnormal increase in the numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) that are present in the small intestinal mucosa. Q: What are intraepithelial lymphocytes? A: Intraepithelial lymphocytes are ...

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Sarcoidosis

What Is Sarcoidosis? Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease characterized by hard granulomas and inflammation of the alveoli in lungs that occurrs in 80% of patients. Alveoli are the tiny one cell thick round structures that are clustered at the ...

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Peripheral Neuropathy 

What Is Peripheral Neuropathy? Peripheral neuropathy is a syndrome involving damage to one or more peripheral nerves characterized by impaired nerve transmission. Peripheral nerves are nerves of the body outside the brain and spinal cord. Q: Why is nerve transmission impaired? ...

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Autism and Learning Disabilities

What Is Autism and Learning Disabilities? Autism and learning disabilities constititute a non-progressive psychiatric syndrome appearing in childhood characterized by withdrawal from communication with others often accompanied by repetitive or primitive behaviors. Primary gastrointestinal pathology may play an important role ...

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Nails, White Spots And White Bands

What Are White Spots And White Bands In Nails? White spots in the nails is a feature of zinc deficiency and white bands signify protein deficiency characterized by abnormal appearance anywhere in one or more nails. White spots and bands ...

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