What Is Down Syndrome? Down Syndrome is a congenital disorder (present at birth) characterized by consequence of having an extra chromosome 21 or 22. Down syndrome is typically caused by what is called nondisjunction. Q: What is nondisjunction? A: Nondisjunction ...
Read More »Celiac Disease After Childbirth (Puerperium)
What Is The Puerperium Complicated by Celiac Disease? Celiac disease complicating puerperium is an adult manifestation of celiac disease that appears during the 6 weeks after delivery of a baby(ies). It is characterized by severe diarrhea in the newly delivered ...
Read More »Anemia, Severe Iron Deficiency In Pregnancy
What Is Severe Iron Deficiency Anemia In Pregnancy? Severe iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy is characterized by abnormal formation of small, pale red blood cells that impair the ability of the fetus to obtain adequate oxygen for proper growth and ...
Read More »Impotence
What Is Impotence? Impotence is an erectile dysfunction disorder in males characterized by the distressing inability to achieve or maintain an erection satisfactory for coitus. What Is Impotence In Celiac Disease and/or Gluten Sensitivity?
Read More »Hypogonadism In Adult Males That Is Unexplained
What Is Unexplained Adult Male Hypogonadism? Hypogonadism in males is a distressing reproductive disorder characterized by inadequate production of male andogen hormones and/or spermatozoa by the testes. Q: How do andogens affect reproductive health? A: Male androgen hormones control the ...
Read More »Dysmenorrhea (Painful Periods)
What Is Dysmenorrhea? Dysmenorrhea is a distressing menstrual disorder in females characterized by cramping and spasmodic pain that occurs regularly just before or during menstruation. What Is Dysmenorrhea In Celiac Disease and/or Gluten Sensitivity?
Read More »PMS (Premenstrual Syndrome)
What Is PMS (Premenstrual Syndrome)? Premenstrual syndrome is a menstrual disorder that occurs regularly during the last week of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and starts to subside a few days before menstruation begins and is absent the ...
Read More »Early Menopause or Ovarian Failure
What Is Early Menopause? Early menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation in females before the age of 40 years characterized by vasomotor instability (hot flashes/cold episodes), psychologic and emotional symptoms and profound changes in the lower genital tract. The ...
Read More »Late Menarche (Start of Periods)
What Is Late Menarche? Late menarche is a menstrual disorder in girls characterized by abnormal delay of menstruation, with or without breast development. The menarche is the first menstrual period or the start of menstruation. It should start within 3 ...
Read More »Kidney Stones (Renal Calculi)
What Are Kidney Stones? Kidney stones, also called renal calculi, are abnormal hard formations in the kidneys that are composed mainly of calcium oxalate, also uric acid, and cystine. Q: How big are kidney stones? A: Stones can vary in ...
Read More »IgA Nephropathy
What Is IgA Nephropathy? IgA nephropathy, also called Berger’s disease, is a primary renal disease that results when immunoglobulin A (IgA) forms deposits in the glomeruli, where it creates inflammation. IgA nephropathy is characterized by recurrent hematuria (blood in urine), mild proteinuria ...
Read More »Hypocalciuria (Low Urine Calcium)
What Is Hypocalciuria? Hypocalciuria is the term for an abnormally low level of calcium in the urine. This laboratory finding indicates low urinary excretion of calcium by the kidneys, which is an early renal compensatory mechanism or attempt to conserve ...
Read More »Psoriatic Arthritis
What Is Psoriatic Arthritis? Psoriatic arthritis is a joint manifestation of psoriasis, a systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by asymmetric involvement in one or more joints, especially affecting the distal phalangeal joints of fingers and toes (joints nearest nails). In some ...
Read More »Osteonecrosis
What Is Osteonecrosis? Osteonecrosis is a bone disorder resulting from insufficient blood flow to a part of the skeleton and is characterized by resulting death of bone cells (necrosis). After a while the bone can collapse. If this condition is ...
Read More »Osteomalacia
What Is Osteomalacia? Osteomalacia is a metabolic bone disorder that causes abnormal skeletal changes characterized by generalized reduction in bone density (bone softening) in adults and pseudofractures (apparant on x-ray) with muscular weakness and bone tenderness. Bones have the normal amount of ...
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