{"id":16949,"date":"2016-10-08T19:26:39","date_gmt":"2016-10-08T23:26:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/?p=16949"},"modified":"2020-07-11T10:38:18","modified_gmt":"2020-07-11T14:38:18","slug":"low-stomach-acid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/low-stomach-acid\/","title":{"rendered":"Low Stomach Acid Production"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/low-stomach-acid1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17171 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/low-stomach-acid1-217x300.jpg\" alt=\"low-stomach-acid1\" width=\"217\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/low-stomach-acid1-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/low-stomach-acid1.jpg 238w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 217px) 100vw, 217px\" \/><\/a>What Is Low Stomach Acid Production?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"dropcap\">L<\/span>ow stomach acid production is a common disorder in celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis that is characterized by lack of sufficient hydrochloric acid needed 1) to properly digest food, which results in malnutrition and subsequent nutritional deficiencies, and 2) to\u00a0destroy swallowed bacteria and other microbes, which may allow infections to develop.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">It is also common in the general population, as well, affecting 50% of people age 60 years and about 80% by age 85 years.\u00a0 Nevertheless, low stomach acid is not generally looked for as a cause of acute and chronic disorders that rob health with far-reaching effects.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>Understanding Stomach Acid Production and Function <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The stomach digests incoming food into a liquid state, thereby releasing nutrients so they can be absorbed by the small intestine. Powerful stomach muscles churn food and mix it with gastric juice, dissolving and breaking it down.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Gastric juice is produced by gastric glands located in the stomach lining. These numerous, microscopic glands produce about 3 liters of juice a day. Gastric juice is composed of a high concentration of <!--more-->hydrochloric acid and the enzymes, pepsin and gastric lipase.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Hydrochloric acid<\/strong> is secreted by parietal cells on the margin of the gastric glands. This powerful acid keeps the stomach at a pH of 1.5 to 3.5, meaning very acidic level, to dissolve food and kill most organisms that are swallowed with food.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 60px\">In chemistry, the pH scale measures acid to base levels of a substance that ranges between 0 (most acidic) and 14 (most base) with 7 being neutral (neither acid nor base).\u00a0The pH scale is logarithmic and as a result, each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value. For example, pH 4 is ten times more acidic than pH 5 and 100 times (10 times 10) more acidic than pH 6.\u00a0Pure water is neutral.<a href=\"#footnote_1_16949\" id=\"identifier_1_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"http:\/\/chemistry.elmhurst.edu\/vchembook\/184ph.html\">1<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;text-align: justify\">1. Mineral digestion. Hydrochloric acid dissolves minerals such as potassium, iron, calcium, zinc, copper and magnesium out of food and gives them a positive or negative charge. Unless minerals get charged, they cannot be absorbed into the body but instead pass out with stool.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;text-align: justify\">2. Protein digestion. Hydrochloric acid is necessary to break down proteins acting together with the enzyme pepsin.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Pepsin<\/strong> digests protein in the acid environment (pH of 1.5 to 2) provided by hydrochloric acid. \u00a0So we see that low acid production makes high protein foods like meat, eggs and milk hard to digest.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><strong>Gastric lipase<\/strong> begins the digestion of fats. \n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Q:<\/strong> What problems develop when food is poorly digested because of low stomach acid production?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>A:<\/strong>\u00a0Poorly digested food in the stomach results in delayed digestion. \u00a0Delayed digestion means that food remains in the stomach longer than the time normally required to dissolve it into a liquid mass, called chyme. Only chyme can pass out of the stomach and enter the small intestine for further action.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Delayed digestion causes symptoms of dyspepsia such as the discomfort of feeling full before finishing your meal (early fullness), feeling full too long after eating, pain, and gas build-up.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Delayed digestion can result in reflux, or back-up, of stomach contents into the esophagus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">When stomach contents continually back up into the esophagus, erosive esophagitis or reflux esophagitis result which is the most common disorder of the esophagus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Reflux esophagitis does not depend on high or low stomach acid but rather on the ability of the muscular LES (lower esophageal sphincter) to prevent stomach contents from going back up the esophagus. That said, low stomach acid weakens the LES, allowing reflux.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Here&#8217;s the LES anatomy:<\/strong> The esophagus is a muscular tube that transports swallowed substances to the stomach. It begins at the cricoid cartilage (Adam&#8217;s apple) as a continuation of the throat and ends at the LES \u00a0where it joins the stomach. This sphincter is a thick bundle of circular muscles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Here&#8217;s the LES physiology:<\/strong> The LES functions like a circular band that quickly opens to let food pass from the esophagus into the stomach and closes after food passes in order to prevent its going back up the esophagus while powerful stomach muscles churn food to dismantle it and acid dissolves it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Most importantly, the LES reacts to\u00a0hydrochloric acid levels below 2.5 pH by remaining tightly closed to protect the normally alkaline tissues of the esophagus (mucosa) having a neutral pH of 7. Esophageal tissues are damaged by acid levels below 4.<a href=\"#footnote_2_16949\" id=\"identifier_2_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Tutuian, R and Castell D O. Gastroesophageal reflux monitoring: pH and impedance.&nbsp;GI Motility online (2006) doi:10.1038\/gimo31.\">2<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Here&#8217;s the LES problem:<\/strong> The LES becomes fatigued when stomach muscles work too long trying to form chyme because inadequate stomach acid is not doing its part to dissolve food. Also, the LES may be weak with low muscle tone from deficiencies of magnesium, calcium or potassium that are required for normal muscle function. These deficiencies result from low stomach acid production.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Meanwhile the esophagus becomes inflamed and damaged brought about by the caustic action of acid and pepsin in gastric juice and, in severe cases, also\u00a0bile salts, that back upwards through a weak LES.\u00a0Gastric acid combined with pepsin or bile salts seems to be more harmful to the esophageal tissues than gastric acid alone.<a href=\"#footnote_3_16949\" id=\"identifier_3_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Chen X, Oshima T, Tomita T, Fukui H, Watari J, Matsumoto T, Miwa H. Acidic bile salts modulate the squamous epithelial barrier function by modulating tight junction proteins. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Aug;301(2):G203-9. doi: 10.1152\/ajpgi.00096.2011. Epub 2011 May 26.\">3<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Pepsin is a stomach enzyme meant to digest food protein. Pepsin is itself non-acidic BUT becomes active when the pH is below 4. Therefore, if pepsin abnormally splashes onto sore tissues of the esophagus by reflux, it will act to break down their exposed protein.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Damage starts at the surface of tough cells that line the esophagus, called squamous epithelium, and progresses into underlying tissues. One of the primary functions of the epithelium is to protect underlying tissues from mechanical and chemical damage by acting as a barrier. When the epithelium fails to protect the underlying tissue from reflux, it leads to erosions, esophagitis, and may lead to Barrett&#8217;s esophagus.<a href=\"#footnote_3_16949\" id=\"identifier_4_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Chen X, Oshima T, Tomita T, Fukui H, Watari J, Matsumoto T, Miwa H. Acidic bile salts modulate the squamous epithelial barrier function by modulating tight junction proteins. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Aug;301(2):G203-9. doi: 10.1152\/ajpgi.00096.2011. Epub 2011 May 26.\">3<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Barrett&#8217;s esophagus and esophageal small cell cancer are severe complications of GERD that can be fatal.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>How Is Stomach Acid Tested?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Methods for measuring gastric acid include both invasive and non-invasive techniques.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Invasive tests include the conventional gastric acid aspiration tests, gastric pH measurement techniques and endoscopic methods.<\/li>\n<li>Non-invasive methods use urinary analysis, breath analysis, serum pepsinogens assay (blood test), scintigraphic techniques, impedance tomography and alkaline tide for measurement of gastric acid.<\/li>\n<li>Here\u2019s a home test: drink lemon juice (pH of 2) in water (a teaspoon in 2 ounces water) and see if you burp. If your stomach is more alkaline than the acid you take, gas is formed and you burp. Rice vinegar and\u00a0apple cider vinegar \u00a0are less acidic with a pH range of 3.5 to 4.5.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Acid-lowering drug advertisements would like us to think that ONLY excessive stomach acid causes heartburn and gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) because they make a great deal of money in selling their pills&#8230;Consider that two antacid pills, Nexium\u00ae and Prevacid,\u00ae totaled $7,523,382,000 in sales for 2009 according to Drugs.com.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Fact:<\/strong> Weakly acidic reflux damages the esophagus<a href=\"#footnote_4_16949\" id=\"identifier_5_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Chen X, Oshima T, Tomita T, Fukui H, Watari J, Matsumoto T, Miwa H. Acidic bile salts modulate the squamous epithelial barrier function by modulating tight junction proteins. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Aug;301(2):G203-9. doi: 10.1152\/ajpgi.00096.2011. Epub 2011 May 26.\">4<\/a> as well as excessively acid reflux. There you have it&#8230;ANY acidic reflux damages the esophagus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Fact:<\/strong> Low stomach acid is a MORE common cause of heartburn and gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) than excessive acid production.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW<\/strong>\u00a0about acid suppressing proton-pump inhibiting (PPI) drugs, such as Prilosec, Prevacid and Nexium for heartburn or acid reflux symptoms:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>These over the counter drugs do not cure heartburn or acid reflux<\/strong>. They only mask symptoms while interfering with your ability to produce hydrochloric acid.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>These drugs are meant for short term use.<\/strong> Continuing use of these potent drugs will impair your digestion which in turn increases your risk of developing nutritional deficiencies and subsequent health problems.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>These drugs can cause the following deficiencies<\/strong>: Vitamin B12, vitamin A, all minerals, and protein. For example, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature by W.\u00a0Cheungpasitporn demonstrates a statistically significant increased risk of hypomagnesemia (magnesium deficiency) in patients with PPI use.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>These drugs can cause serious and\/or life threatening health conditions<\/strong>. PPIs when used for more than a month are linked to premature vascular aging, dementia, heart attack, and renal disease.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>What Is Low Stomach Acid In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity?<\/h2>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\">\n<li><strong>Relationship between low stomach acid and celiac disease.<\/strong> Low stomach acid\u00a0is an atypical symptom of celiac disease.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Relationship between low stomach acid and dermatitis herpetiformis. <\/strong>A\u00a0study investigating gastric acid secretion in 116 subjects with dermatitis herpetiformis found that 41% had low stomach acid and 26% were achlorhydric (no acid). Of those older than 50 years, 47% were achlorhydric. When compared to subjects with celiac disease, the frequency of achlorhydria was significantly higher in those with dermatitis herpetiformis than in those with celiac disease. <em>There was no correlation between achlorhydria and small intestinal villous atrophy (damage). This means that you can lose the ability to produce acid whether you have minimal or severe intestinal damage.<\/em><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Relationship between low stomach acid\u00a0and gluten.\u00a0<\/strong>Research shows that a gluten free diet significantly decreased the relapse rate of GERD symptoms suggesting that celiac disease may represent a risk factor for the development of reflux esophagitis.<a href=\"#footnote_5_16949\" id=\"identifier_6_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux oesophagitis in adult coeliac disease: beneficial effect of a gluten free diet.&nbsp;Gut. Apr 2003;52(4):514-7.\">5<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Relationship between low stomach acid\u00a0and gluten free diet.\u00a0<\/strong>A study investigating\u00a0the prevalence of GERD symptoms at diagnosis and the impact of the gluten-free diet found that GERD symptoms are common in classically symptomatic untreated celiac disease patients and that the gluten free diet is associated with a rapid and persistent improvement in reflux symptoms that resembles the healthy population. At baseline, 30.1% of celiac disease patients had moderate to severe GERD (score more than 3) compared with 5.7% of controls. Moderate to severe symptoms were significantly associated with the classical clinical presentation of celiac disease (35.0%) compared with atypical\/silent cases (15.2%). A rapid improvement was evidenced at 3 months after initial treatment with a gluten free diet\u00a0with reflux scores comparable to healthy controls from this time point onward.<a href=\"#footnote_6_16949\" id=\"identifier_7_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Saad R, Bellec V, Dugay J, Blanchi A,Nachman F, V&aacute;zquez H, Gonz&aacute;lez A, Andrenacci P, Compagni L, Reyes H, Sugai E, Moreno ML, Smecuol E, Hwang HJ, S&aacute;nchez IP, Mauri&ntilde;o E, Bai JC. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with celiac disease and the effects of a gluten-free diet. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Mar;9(3):214-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.06.017.\">6<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How Prevalent is Low Stomach Acid\u00a0In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity?<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet black\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Celiac patients have a high prevalence of reflux esophagitis. Retrospective study shows 19% in patients undergoing endoscopy for biopsy.<a href=\"#footnote_7_16949\" id=\"identifier_8_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux oesophagitis in adult coeliac disease: beneficial effect of a gluten free diet. Gut. Apr 2003;52(4):514-7.\">7<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">At diagnosis, celiac patients had a significantly higher reflux symptom mean score than healthy controls: 30.1% of celiac disease patients had moderate to severe GERD (score &gt;3) compared with 5.7% of controls. Moderate to severe symptoms were significantly associated with the classical clinical presentation of celiac disease (35.0%) compared with atypical\/silent cases (15.2%).<a href=\"#footnote_6_16949\" id=\"identifier_9_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Saad R, Bellec V, Dugay J, Blanchi A,Nachman F, V&aacute;zquez H, Gonz&aacute;lez A, Andrenacci P, Compagni L, Reyes H, Sugai E, Moreno ML, Smecuol E, Hwang HJ, S&aacute;nchez IP, Mauri&ntilde;o E, Bai JC. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with celiac disease and the effects of a gluten-free diet. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Mar;9(3):214-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.06.017.\">6<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Of 212 patients undergoing upper endoscopy for dyspepsia, 3.3% of patients showed histopathological changes typical of celiac disease on duodenal biopsy. 8.5% of these patients had gastric reflux.<a href=\"#footnote_8_16949\" id=\"identifier_10_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Piatek-Guziewicz A, Przybylska-Felu\u015b M, Dynowski W, Zwoli\u0144ska-Wcis\u0142o M, Lickiewicz J, Mach T. Endoscopic and histopathological findings of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with functional and organic dyspepsia. Przegl Lek. 2014;71(4):204-9.\">8<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What Are The Symptoms Of\u00a0Low Stomach Acid?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Low stomach acid\u00a0is marked by these digestive symptoms:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_16977\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/claires-white-nails-6-8-16.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16977\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16977\" src=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/claires-white-nails-6-8-16-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"White Nails Belonging to Claire Were Opaque Before Treatment Over Past 2 Weeks. \" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/claires-white-nails-6-8-16-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/claires-white-nails-6-8-16-768x547.jpg 768w, https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/claires-white-nails-6-8-16-1024x730.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/claires-white-nails-6-8-16.jpg 1183w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-16977\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">White Nails Belonging to Claire Were Opaque Before Treatment and Now Improved Over Past 2 Weeks.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Abnormal gut flora (microbe population).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Bad breath.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Chronic candida (yeast) infections.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Chronic H. pylori bacterial infection.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Chronic intestinal parasites.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Constipation.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Diarrhea with undigested food in stool.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Discomfort from gas buildup in the stomach and\/or reflux.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Feeling uncomfortable with bloating or feeling sick after eating.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Food allergies.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Indigestion.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Itching around the rectum.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Nausea after taking supplements.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Poor digestion causing discomfort of fullness because food stays in the stomach too long after eating.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Other telltale symptoms include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\">\n<li>Acne.<\/li>\n<li>Anemia.<\/li>\n<li>Apathy.<\/li>\n<li>Dilated blood vessels in the cheeks and nose.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Eczema.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Fatigue.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Fingernails that are weak, peel, brittle or have ridges.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Hair that is thin, brittle, or weak.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Low resistance to infection.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Low plasma proteins.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Muscle wasting (loss).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Premature aging.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Osteopenia\/osteoporosis.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Skin that is dry and\/or weak.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">White nails showing protein deficiency due to maldigestion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Abdominal discomfort and distention (bloating).<\/li>\n<li>Burning of mouth, throat and esophagus.<\/li>\n<li>Distorted taste.<\/li>\n<li>Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing.<\/li>\n<li>Loss of appetite.<\/li>\n<li>Weakness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: justify\"><strong>Later later digestive symptoms of niacin deficiencies include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Nausea.<\/li>\n<li>Vomiting.<\/li>\n<li>Diarrhea.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on niacin deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying vitamin A deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Dry mouth.<\/li>\n<li>Low mucous production in the digestive tract.<\/li>\n<li>Low stomach acid.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on vitamin A deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying vitamin B12 deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Altered bowel motility (peristalsis), causing intermittent diarrhea and constipation.<\/li>\n<li>Beefy red, smooth tongue with burning.<\/li>\n<li>Distorted taste.<\/li>\n<li>Low stomach acid.<\/li>\n<li>Poor intestinal function.<\/li>\n<li>Poorly localized abdominal pain.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on vitamin B12 deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying iron deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Increased susceptibility to bacterial infection of the stomach such as H. Pylori.<\/li>\n<li>Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing.<\/li>\n<li>Loss of appetite.<\/li>\n<li>Pale, smooth, and sore tongue.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on iron deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying calcium deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Changes in saliva composition resulting in becoming too acidic.<\/li>\n<li>Defective tooth enamel.<\/li>\n<li>Dental caries (cavities).<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on calcium deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying \u00a0magnesium deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Bruxism (teeth grinding\/jaw clenching.)<\/li>\n<li>Constipation.<\/li>\n<li>Nausea.<\/li>\n<li>Reduced bone density of the jaw which affects the health of teeth and the ability to chew food properly.<\/li>\n<li>Reduced availability of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the pumping of stomach acid.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on magnesium deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying \u00a0potassium deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Reduced bone density of the jaw which affects the health of teeth and the ability to chew food properly.<\/li>\n<li>Thirst.<\/li>\n<li>Vomiting.<\/li>\n<li>For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on potassium deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying \u00a0copper deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Diarrhea.<\/li>\n<li>Reduced bone density of the jaw which affects the health of teeth and the ability to chew food properly.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on copper deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying phosphorus deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>In children, imperfect bone and teeth development.<\/li>\n<li>Loss of appetite.<\/li>\n<li>Reduced bone density of the jaw which affects the health of teeth and the ability to chew food properly.<\/li>\n<li>Weight Loss.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on phosphorus deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying selenium deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Promotes inflammatory conditions.<\/li>\n<li>Lowered resistance to infection that may invade the stomach such as\u00a0H.pylori\u00a0or candida albicans.<\/li>\n<li>Reduced bone density of the jaw which affects the health of teeth and the ability to chew food properly.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on selenium deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying zinc deficiency, these additional digestive symptoms may occur:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Impaired immune response to infection that may invade the stomach such as H.pylori or candida albicans.<\/li>\n<li>Impaired taste and smell.<\/li>\n<li>Loss of appetite.<\/li>\n<li>Disturbed zinc metabolism results in vitamin A deficiency.<\/li>\n<li>Note: For a complete list of other symptoms, please see the post on zinc deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>With accompanying reflux these additional symptoms may occur; however, reflux\u00a0can occur without symptoms:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Chest pain that may resemble angina in half of patients.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Fullness under breastbone.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Heartburn (burning sensation behind the breastbone).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Regurgitation of bitter tasting fluid.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How Does Low Stomach Acid Develop\u00a0In Celiac Disease?<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\">\n<li>In active celiac disease, low stomach acid results from chronic gluten exposure that inflames and damages the ability of the stomach to provide adequate\u00a0hydrochloric acid. Two conditions alone or combined may result:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: justify\"><strong>Loss of gastric cells that\u00a0produce hydrochloric acid.<\/strong>\u00a0 Parietal cells in gastric glands secrete hydrochloric acid to chemically dissolve foodstuffs. The molecules needed to make hydrochloric acid originally come from the bloodstream. Within parietal cells specialized cells called proton pumps actually pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the hollow of the stomach along with chloride ions (CL-), making hydrochloric acid (HCL). \u00a0Low number of acid producing cells means low acid production.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: justify\"><strong>Lack of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).<\/strong> The gastric parietal cells need quite a bit of energy from this enzyme, which may be inadequate in active celiac disease, to pump hydrogen ions from the inside of the parietal cell into the lumen of the stomach. Here we need to look at the negative impact of magnesium deficiency on ATP availability.\u00a0A major function of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/magnesium-deficiency-3\/\">magnesium<\/a> is to stabilize the structure ATP within cells for the production of energy.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: justify\"><strong>Loss of hydrogen ions due to inflammation of the stomach lining.<\/strong>\u00a0Hydrogen ions (electrically charged atoms) tend to diffuse back into the bloodstream but are normally prevented during digestion by tight junctions that exist between cells that line the\u00a0stomach. However, if the stomach lining becomes inflamed, the ability of tight junctions to keep hydrogen ions from leaking back into the bloodstream is impaired. Hence the loss of hydrogen ions needed to dissolve food.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: justify\"><strong>Nutritional deficiencies impair the health of stomach cells.<\/strong>\u00a0Deficiencies that result as a consequence of poor digestion due to low stomach acid in turn perpetuate this condition unless corrected. These include vitamin A, vitamin B12, \u00a0and niacin. For example, vitamin A is required for\u00a0the development and maintenance of cells which line the body so that deficiency results in poor regeneration of mucous membranes of organs of the digestive tract such as the stomach. Please see these posts for further explanation: vitamin A, vitamin B12, \u00a0and niacin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Does Low Stomach Acid Respond To Gluten Free Diet?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Yes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">In relationship to GERD symptoms, gluten free diet significantly decreases the relapse rate.<a href=\"#footnote_7_16949\" id=\"identifier_11_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux oesophagitis in adult coeliac disease: beneficial effect of a gluten free diet. Gut. Apr 2003;52(4):514-7.\">7<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The gluten free diet is associated with a rapid and persistent improvement in reflux symptoms that resembles the healthy population. A rapid improvement was evidenced at 3 months after initial treatment with a gluten free diet with reflux scores comparable to healthy controls from this time point onward.<a href=\"#footnote_9_16949\" id=\"identifier_12_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Nachman F, V&aacute;zquez H, Gonz&aacute;lez A, Andrenacci P, Compagni L, Reyes H, Sugai E, Moreno ML, Smecuol E, Hwang HJ, S&aacute;nchez IP, Mauri&ntilde;o E, Bai JC. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with celiac disease and the effects of a gluten-free diet.&nbsp;Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol.&nbsp;2011 Mar;9(3):214-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.06.017.\">9<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>6 Steps To Improve Low Stomach Acid In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity:<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><span class=\"dropcap\"><strong>1<\/strong><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">Remove the Trigger. Maintain a Strict Gluten Free Diet:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<b>Treatment<\/b>. This condition responds to the complete elimination of gluten, which is the required treatment that improves both low stomach acid and gut health.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Gut health is the foundation to restore ALL health. Restored health will enable you to maintain a strict gluten free diet, just as other life tasks will be easier.<\/li>\n<li>A strict gluten free diet means removing 100% of wheat, barley, rye and oats from the diet.<\/li>\n<li>Cutting out bread and other obvious sources of gluten is not good enough for recovery. Even 1\/8th teaspoon of flour or bread crumb is enough to sustain the inflammation that is damaging your small intestine, causing increased permeability (leaky gut) and allowing undigested gluten to enter your body where it can damage structures and function, and instigate immune inflammatory responses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>Self-Treatment of Low Stomach Acid (hypochlorhydria):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Here are 8 approaches you can take on your own:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">1. Eat smaller meals\u00a0to reduce the need for stomach acid. You can make up the difference for your required daily amount of protein by adding snacks between meals\u00a0that have protein such as 4 ounces yogurt, one egg, a tablespoon of nut butter, hummus, or an ounce of cheese. For sleep sake, it is best not to eat protein within 2 hours of bedtime.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">2. Chew food slowly and thoroughly before swallowing to stimulate acid production and make it easier for your gastric acid to act on your food. Missing teeth? Use a hand held blender to do the job.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">3. To pump more\u00a0gastric acid, incorporate food sources of magnesium such as green, leafy vegetables (especially parsley and dandelion), seeds, nuts and fish. Add a magnesium supplement if indicated.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">4. To help your gastric acid get the job done, incorporate foods with acid into your meals. Examples:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;text-align: justify\">Vinegars. Unpasteurized apple cider, rice, distilled (comes from apples) and wine (balsamic) vinegar\u00a0can be drizzled on foods and used in sauces or to make foods like cabbage slaw. Gluten-free condiments containing white vinegar (NOT distilled white vinegar which is made from wheat) such as pickles, olives, ketchup, and mustard can accompany sandwiches to improve digestion.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;text-align: justify\">Fruit. Squeeze a slice of lemon into your drinking water with your meal or drink fruit juice. If fruit or juice is unavailable, take a high dose ascorbic acid supplement to provide citric acid with meals for better absorption of minerals. Enjoy an orange or other acidic fruit after the meal instead of a calorie laden, hard to digest dessert.\u00a0Pineapple is yes but also tops for digesting protein thanks to its enzyme bromelain!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">5. Do not drink coffee or eat chocolate within 1 hour of meals because they weaken the LES sphincter which subjects you to reflux.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">6.\u00a0Try a hydrochloride supplement, with or without\u00a0betaine, to improve protein digestion. This is available in capsules, which need to be taken with food and the dose adjusted according to the response.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">7. Relax after eating. Socialize, read the paper, or clean up slowly but do not exercise or do hard work right after eating. Allow your stomach to use the energy it needs to produce acid.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">8. Get checked for a possible infection such as helicobacter pylori infection if you are prone to iron deficiency or candida if you have bloating or a white tongue. Please see these posts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Correct Your Individual Nutritional Needs.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Eat foods that can replenish missing nutrients. Find them under\u00a0NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES.<\/li>\n<li>Take nutritional supplements as needed.\u00a0Find them under\u00a0NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Recovery<\/strong>. You should begin to feel better within a week and notice more energy as inflammation subsides and the \u00a0absorbing cells that make up the surface lining of your small intestine are better able to function.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Intestinal lining cells are replaced every 5 days. The healing process is like sunburn where the damaged surface layer of skin sloughs off and is replaced with new normal cells.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Leaky gut normally resolves in two month after starting a gluten free diet and brings about a big improvement in health. Improvement in intestinal permeability precedes morphometric recovery (cell appearance and structure) of the small intestine in celiac disease.<a href=\"#footnote_10_16949\" id=\"identifier_13_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Cummins AG, Thompson FM, Butler RN, et al. Improvement in intestinal permeability precedes morphometric recovery of the small intestine in coeliac disease.&nbsp;Clinical Science. Apr 2001;100(4):379-86.\">10<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">The intestinal lining may take up to a year to heal.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><span class=\"dropcap\"><strong>2<\/strong><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">\u00a0Reduce Inflammation. Foods to Eat and Foods Not to Eat:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\">Because gluten is inflammatory, eliminate OTHER inflammatory foods from your diet to reduce an additive effect to gluten. At the same time, try to eat foods that reduce inflammation (anti-inflammatory).<\/p>\n<div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Here Are Major Inflammatory Food Types<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Damaging Foods<\/strong>. In susceptible persons, includes corn, dairy (cow), and soy. Lactose, the sugar in any animal milk disrupts intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_11_16949\" id=\"identifier_14_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">11<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Allergenic Foods<\/strong>. Includes foods that trigger the immune sytem to produce IgE antibodies. Allergy testing is the usual way to discover these offending foods.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Shelf Stable Processed Foods.\u00a0<\/strong>Includes any that contain additives and preservatives. Look for them on the nutrition label of the box or package. Additives and preservatives also disrupt intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_11_16949\" id=\"identifier_15_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">11<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bad Fats.<\/strong>\u00a0Includes deep fried foods, trans-fats, saturated fats (animal fat\/butter), and EXCESSIVE omega-6 fatty acid oils like corn oil. Rancid fats, sodium caprate (a medium chain fat), and sucrose monester fatty acid (a food grade surfactant) induce significant disruption of the intestinal barrier that causes leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_11_16949\" id=\"identifier_16_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">11<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Excessive Refined White Flours\u00a0<\/strong>(bran layer removed)<strong>.\u00a0<\/strong>Includes\u00a0products made from them such as cookies, bread, cakes, pies. Bran contains the vitamins and minerals that metabolize grains and slows the otherwise rapid entry of sugar from their digestion into the bloodstream.\u00a0Also disrupt intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_11_16949\" id=\"identifier_17_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">11<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Refined Sugars.\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0Includes white sugar, corn fructose and high fructose corn syrup.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Hot Spices<\/strong>. Includes paprika and cayenne pepper which disrupt intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_11_16949\" id=\"identifier_18_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">11<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Alcohol and Caffeine<\/strong>. Relax the lower esophageal sphincter and disrupt intestinal permeability promoting leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_11_16949\" id=\"identifier_19_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">11<\/a> Do not consume within 1 hour of meals. \n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Here Are Important Anti-Inflammatory Food Types to Promote Health<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Fruits.\u00a0<\/strong>Contain ample amounts of vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals which are\u00a0naturally occuring components in plants that detoxify toxins, carcinogens (reducing the risk by 50%) and mutagens.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Non-Starchy Vegetables.<\/strong>\u00a0Support intestinal integrity and provide ample amounts of vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals. Includes lettuce, kale, onion, broccoli, garlic, and others.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>High Quality Complex Carbohydrates<\/strong>. Provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber while boosting serotonin levels to help you relax and feel calm. Includes whole grains, legumes, and root vegetables such as carrots, parsnips, sweet potatoes, turnips, red beets, and others.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Antioxidants<\/strong>. Protect the body from inflammatory oxidant molecules that continually occur and\u00a0help us handle stress and reduce irritability. Includes vitamin C-containing foods such as lemon, grapefruit, apricot, Brussels sprouts and strawberries, and others. Also, includes vitamin E-containing foods such as\u00a0nuts, seeds, avocado, olive oil, and others. Cocoa is good, too.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Omega-3 Fatty Acids<\/strong>. VERY IMPORTANT for low stomach acid to cut inflammation and balance opposing omega-6 fatty acids and bad fats. Fish sources (EPA and DHA) includes tuna, salmon, cod, and others. Plants sources (alpha-linolenic acid) include flax, chia seeds, walnuts, canola oil, and others.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Probiotics.\u00a0<\/strong>VERY IMPORTANT for low stomach acid to\u00a0cure the chronic gastritis and help the stomach to produce acid normally as wells as to correct gut flora (microbe population). \u00a0 Probiotics supply normal microbes needed for the digestive system and health of the body. Includes fermented foods such as: yogurt, kefir, and unpasteurized apple cider vinegar and rice vinegar.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Prebiotics\/ High Fiber Foods<\/strong>. \u00a0Food with fiber keeps our population of colonic microbes healthy and pushes food through the digestive tract.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Protective Herbs and Spices<\/strong>. \u00a0See below #6 for examples. Parsley is especially helpful for low stomach acid. Add paesley to food or simply chew some fresh leaves which also freshen the breath.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><span class=\"dropcap\"><strong>3<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<strong>Information Sheet You Can Take to Your Doctor or Other Health Professional:<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Click here.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><span class=\"dropcap\"><strong>4<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/em><em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">Manage Your Medications <strong>\u00a0Safely<\/strong>:<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Certain prescription drugs that are commonly prescribed for GERD deplete nutrients. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about this possible adverse effect if you are taking any of the drugs listed below.\u00a0<strong>Do not stop prescribed medications without supervision.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0This is not a complete listing.<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 246px\" width=\"512\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"300\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>ANTACIDS \/ ULCER MEDICATIONS<\/strong> <strong>\u2013<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Pepcid\u00ae, Tagamet\u00ae, Zantac\u00ae,<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Magnesium and Aluminum Antacid preparations (Gaviscon<em>\u00ae<\/em>, Maalox<em>\u00ae<\/em>, Mylanta<em>\u00ae<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Prevacid\u00ae, Prilosec\u00ae.<\/em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Alka Seltzer<em>\u00ae<\/em>, Baking Soda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"276\">\u00a0<strong>DEPLETE THESE NURIENTS &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Calcium, Chromium, Folic Acid, Iron, Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zinc, Magnesium, Copper, Potassium.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Vitamin B12.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Folic Acid, Magnesium, Proteins, Potassium<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><span class=\"dropcap\"><b>5<\/b><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">Nutritional Supplements To Help Correct Deficiencies:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The type and quantity of nutritional supplements that may be needed depend on which nutrients are deficient.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet orange\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">L-glutamine 250 to 500 mg \u00a0just after eating has been shown to heal the esophagus.<a href=\"#footnote_12_16949\" id=\"identifier_20_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"The Herbal Drugstore. Linda White, M.D and Steven Foster. 2000. Rodale Inc. USA.\">12<\/a> This is a safe dose,\u00a0but always check with your doctor to avoid interactions with medications or if you are on a low protein diet since this is an amino acid. L-glutamine is a natural fuel for the cells that line the intestines.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Multivitamin\/mineral combination that provides 100% once a day is useful to improve overall nutrient levels. This is a safe dose, but always check with your doctor to avoid interactions with medications.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Probiotics that include acidophilus and lactobacillus strains.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Milk thistle is VERY effective to improve stomach acid, repair the gut and help the liver.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Storage Note<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Store container tightly sealed, away from heat, moisture and direct light to avoid loss of potency. That is, in a safe kitchen cabinet &#8211; not in the bathroom or on the kitchen table<\/em>.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><span class=\"dropcap\"><b>6<\/b><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">Manage Natural Remedies:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Carminatives are plant sources that tone muscle and improve peristalsis, and thus aid in the expulsion of gas from the stomach and intestine to relieve digestive colic and gastric discomfort. However, some carminitives\u00a0 relax the lower esophageal sphincter thus aggravating GERD.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>DO NOT use these carminitives: fennel, lemon balm, peppermint and spearmint. The same goes for cigarette smoke, alcohol, high fat foods, mints, chocolate, onions, and caffeine.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Carminative Food Remedies<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\">\n<li>Raspberry.<\/li>\n<li>Carrot is also a cleansing digestive tonic.<\/li>\n<li>Grape is also bile stimulating and a cleansing remedy for sluggish digestion and laxative.<\/li>\n<li>Redbeets stimulate and improve digestion and are easily digested.<\/li>\n<li><em>Cabbage stimulates and improves digestion and is also a liver decongestant. Proven to help GERD.<\/em><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Lettuce stimulates and improves digestion and is also an alterative, meaning it improves the function of organs involved with the digestion and excretion of waste products to bring about a gradual change.<\/li>\n<li>Dandelion is a digestive and liver tonic, bile stimulant, and mild laxative. <strong>VERY good to help low stomach acid.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Carminative Herb Remedies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Sage is also a digestive, astringent, bile stimulant and energy tonic that heals the mucosa. Drink as tea or use in cooking. Grow it as a small shrub in your garden or in a pot&#8230;lives for many years!<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Parsley relieves colic, gas and indigestion.\u00a0<strong>VERY good to help low stomach acid. <\/strong>Also binds toxins for excretion.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Rosemary as a tea and in cooking also is a nervous system tonic for stress and fatigue, bile stimulant, and can relieve headaches and indigestion.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Thyme is a soothing remedy useful for stimulating digestion of rich, fatty foods.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><em>Calendula is also an astringent and anti-inflammatory that makes it an effective remedy for GERD. Use as a tea. (Steep a teaspon of flowers in a cup of hot water for 10 minutes.)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Carminative Spice Remedies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\">\n<li>Cloves are antispasmodic.<\/li>\n<li>Nutmeg is also useful for abdominal bloating, indigestion and colic.<\/li>\n<li>Ginger also supresses inflammation.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Exercise Helps<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>Exercise improves circulation and rids the body of toxins.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\">\n<li>Walking is aerobic exercise that reconditions the whole body to improve stamina.\u00a0Read more about<a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/2014\/07\/08\/fitness-guide\/\">\u00a0Exercise and Fitness<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Weight training builds muscle.\u00a0Read more about\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/2014\/07\/08\/fitness-guide\/\">Exercise and Fitness<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Stretching improves flexibilty.\u00a0Read more about\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/2014\/07\/08\/fitness-guide\/\">Exercise and Fitness<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: Exercise is important, but the amount and type of exercise undertaken depends on your health. Your first priority is to heal. \n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<h2>What Do Medical Research Studies Tell About Low Stomach Acid\u00a0In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity?<\/h2>\n<h4><strong>RESEARCH STUDY SUMMARIES<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>&#8220;Endoscopic and histopathological findings of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with functional and organic dyspepsia.&#8221;<\/strong> This retrospective study investigating the frequency and type of the macroscopic and histopathological changes in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in patients with symptoms of dyspepsia verified that regardless of the severity of lesions of the upper GI endoscopy in patients with dyspepsia, it is advisable to biopsy from both the gastric and duodenal mucosa, which allows for an individualized management of these patients. Celiac disease should be considered in the diagnosis of the causes of dyspepsia.\u00a0Reflux esophagitis was found in 8.5% of patients.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Included in this study were 212 patients with dyspepsia, at the age of 18-84 years, including 60 patients to 45 years of age (group I) and 152 patients older than 45 (group II) who underwent gastroscopy. Biopsy specimens were taken from the gastric and duodenum for histopathological examination (microscopic).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Reflux esophagitis was found in 18 patients (8.5%), slightly more common in people over 45 years of age (group I&#8211;5%, group II&#8211;9.2%). The mild forms of esophagitis occurred most frequently. A more advanced form of inflammation and Barrett&#8217;s esophagus was found only in patients over 45 years of age. Normal gastric and duodenal mucosa was revealed in 30% of patients in group I and 9.2% in group II. The most common endoscopic disorder was gastritis, mostly erythematous-exudative and less often atrophic.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The majority of patients had normal duodenal mucosa. In 3.3% of patients (group I&#8211;8.3%, group II&#8211;1.3%), who had not previously been diagnosed celiac disease, histopathological changes typical of celiac disease has been shown. In all patients, in whom biopsy specimens were taken from normal duodenal mucosa (14% of patients), histopathological examination revealed the presence of non-specific inflammation, regardless of the coexistence of H. pylori infection.<a href=\"#footnote_8_16949\" id=\"identifier_21_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Piatek-Guziewicz A, Przybylska-Felu\u015b M, Dynowski W, Zwoli\u0144ska-Wcis\u0142o M, Lickiewicz J, Mach T. Endoscopic and histopathological findings of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with functional and organic dyspepsia. Przegl Lek. 2014;71(4):204-9.\">8<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u201cGastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with celiac disease and the effects of a gluten-free diet.\u201d<\/strong> This study investigating\u00a0the prevalence of GERD symptoms at diagnosis and the impact of the gluten-free diet found that GERD symptoms are common in classically symptomatic untreated celiac disease patients and that the gluten free diet is associated with a rapid and persistent improvement in reflux symptoms that resembles the healthy population.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Subjects consisted of 133 adult celiac disease patients evaluated at diagnosis and 70 healthy controls. Fifty-three patients completed questionnaires every 3 months during the first year and more than 4 years after diagnosis. GERD symptoms were evaluated using a subdimension of the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale for heartburn and regurgitation domains.\u00a0At diagnosis, celiac patients had a significantly higher reflux symptom mean score than healthy controls.\u00a0At baseline, 30.1% of celiac disease patients had moderate to severe GERD (score more than 3) compared with 5.7% of controls. Moderate to severe symptoms were significantly associated with the classical clinical presentation of celiac disease (35.0%) compared with atypical\/silent cases (15.2%). A rapid improvement was evidenced at 3 months after initial treatment with a gluten free diet\u00a0with reflux scores comparable to healthy controls from this time point onward.<a href=\"#footnote_13_16949\" id=\"identifier_22_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Saad R, Bellec V, Dugay J, Blanchi A,Nachman F, V&aacute;zquez H, Gonz&aacute;lez A, Andrenacci P, Compagni L, Reyes H, Sugai E, Moreno ML, Smecuol E, Hwang HJ, S&aacute;nchez IP, Mauri&ntilde;o E, Bai JC. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with celiac disease and the effects of a gluten-free diet. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Mar;9(3):214-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.06.017..\">13<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u201cReflux esophagitis in adult coeliac disease: beneficial effect of a gluten free diet.\u201d<\/strong> This study evaluating whether untreated celiac patients had an increased prevalence of reflux esophagitis and, if so, to assess whether a gluten free diet exerted any beneficial effect on GERD symptoms demonstrated celiac patients have a high prevalence of reflux esophagitis. That a gluten free diet significantly decreased the relapse rate of GERD symptoms suggests that celiac disease may represent a risk factor for the development of reflux esophagitis.<a href=\"#footnote_14_16949\" id=\"identifier_23_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux oesophagitis in adult coeliac disease: beneficial effect of a gluten free diet. Gut. Apr 2003;52(4):514-7.\">14<\/a><\/p>\n<ol class=\"footnotes\"><li id=\"footnote_1_16949\" class=\"footnote\">http:\/\/chemistry.elmhurst.edu\/vchembook\/184ph.html<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_1_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_2_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Tutuian, R and Castell D O. Gastroesophageal reflux monitoring: pH and impedance.\u00a0<em>GI Motility online<\/em> (2006) doi:10.1038\/gimo31.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_2_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_3_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Chen X, Oshima T, Tomita T, Fukui H, Watari J, Matsumoto T, Miwa H. Acidic bile salts modulate the squamous epithelial barrier function by modulating tight junction proteins. <em>Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. <\/em>2011 Aug;301(2):G203-9. doi: 10.1152\/ajpgi.00096.2011. Epub 2011 May 26.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_3_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_4_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_4_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Chen X, Oshima T, Tomita T, Fukui H, Watari J, Matsumoto T, Miwa H. Acidic bile salts modulate the squamous epithelial barrier function by modulating tight junction proteins. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Aug;301(2):G203-9. doi: 10.1152\/ajpgi.00096.2011. Epub 2011 May 26.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_5_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_5_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux oesophagitis in adult coeliac disease: beneficial effect of a gluten free diet.<em>\u00a0Gut<\/em>. Apr 2003;52(4):514-7.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_6_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_6_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Saad R, Bellec V, Dugay J, Blanchi A,Nachman F, V\u00e1zquez H, Gonz\u00e1lez A, Andrenacci P, Compagni L, Reyes H, Sugai E, Moreno ML, Smecuol E, Hwang HJ, S\u00e1nchez IP, Mauri\u00f1o E, Bai JC. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with celiac disease and the effects of a gluten-free diet. <em>Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol<\/em>. 2011 Mar;9(3):214-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.06.017.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_7_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_9_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_7_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux oesophagitis in adult coeliac disease: beneficial effect of a gluten free diet. <em>Gut<\/em>. Apr 2003;52(4):514-7.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_8_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_11_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_8_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Piatek-Guziewicz A, Przybylska-Felu\u015b M, Dynowski W, Zwoli\u0144ska-Wcis\u0142o M, Lickiewicz J, Mach T. Endoscopic and histopathological findings of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with functional and organic dyspepsia. <em>Przegl Lek.<\/em> 2014;71(4):204-9.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_10_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_21_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_9_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Nachman F, V\u00e1zquez H, Gonz\u00e1lez A, Andrenacci P, Compagni L, Reyes H, Sugai E, Moreno ML, Smecuol E, Hwang HJ, S\u00e1nchez IP, Mauri\u00f1o E, Bai JC. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with celiac disease and the effects of a gluten-free diet.\u00a0<em>Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol.<\/em>\u00a02011 Mar;9(3):214-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.06.017.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_12_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_10_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Cummins AG, Thompson FM, Butler RN, et al. Improvement in intestinal permeability precedes morphometric recovery of the small intestine in coeliac disease.\u00a0<em>Clinical Science<\/em>. Apr 2001;100(4):379-86.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_13_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_11_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.\u00a0<em>Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology<\/em>. 2003;18:479-91.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_14_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_15_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_16_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_17_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_18_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_19_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_12_16949\" class=\"footnote\">The Herbal Drugstore. Linda White, M.D and Steven Foster. 2000. Rodale Inc. USA.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_20_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_13_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Saad R, Bellec V, Dugay J, Blanchi A,Nachman F, V\u00e1zquez H, Gonz\u00e1lez A, Andrenacci P, Compagni L, Reyes H, Sugai E, Moreno ML, Smecuol E, Hwang HJ, S\u00e1nchez IP, Mauri\u00f1o E, Bai JC. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with celiac disease and the effects of a gluten-free diet. <em>Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol<\/em>. 2011 Mar;9(3):214-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.06.017..<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_22_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_14_16949\" class=\"footnote\">Cuomo A, Romano M, Rocco A, Budillon G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Nardone G. Reflux oesophagitis in adult coeliac disease: beneficial effect of a gluten free diet.<em> Gut<\/em>. Apr 2003;52(4):514-7.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_23_16949\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What Is Low Stomach Acid Production? Low stomach acid production is a common disorder in celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis that is characterized by lack of sufficient hydrochloric acid needed 1) to properly digest food, which results in malnutrition and subsequent nutritional deficiencies, and 2) to\u00a0destroy swallowed bacteria and other microbes, which may allow infections &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":17171,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,24,157,65],"tags":[2045,1852,1060,1210,1208,2046,281,1265,280,862,564,1206,712,1336,2068,828,799,2015,1853,1207,277,1850,437,1847,303,1566,1047,1854,316,1513,368,1867,594,2044,616,310,278],"class_list":["post-16949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-conditions-2","category-nutrient-deficiency-symptoms","category-stomach","category-digestive","tag-abdominal-discomfort","tag-barretts-esophagus","tag-bloating","tag-burning-esophagus","tag-burning-mouth","tag-burningthroat","tag-calcium-deficiency","tag-chronic-candida-infection","tag-copper-deficiency","tag-dermatitis-herpetiformis","tag-difficulty-swallowing","tag-distorted-taste","tag-dysbiosis","tag-dyspepsia","tag-esophageal-small-cell-cancer","tag-gas","tag-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-gerd","tag-h-pylori-infection","tag-hydrochloric-acid","tag-indigestion","tag-iron-deficiency","tag-les-lower-esophageal-sphincter","tag-loss-of-appetite","tag-low-plasma-proteins-albumin","tag-magnesium-deficiency","tag-niacin-vitamin-b3-deficiency","tag-nutritional-deficiencies","tag-pepsin","tag-phosphorus-deficiency","tag-poor-digestion","tag-potassium-deficiency","tag-probiotics","tag-selenium-deficiency","tag-stomach-discomfort","tag-vitamin-a-deficiency","tag-vitamin-b12-deficiency","tag-zinc-deficiency"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16949","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16949"}],"version-history":[{"count":142,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16949\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17945,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16949\/revisions\/17945"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16949"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16949"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}