{"id":153,"date":"2015-08-28T14:28:42","date_gmt":"2015-08-28T18:28:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mynutriguide.com\/?p=153"},"modified":"2020-07-11T10:38:40","modified_gmt":"2020-07-11T14:38:40","slug":"zincemia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/zincemia\/","title":{"rendered":"Zincemia (Low Zinc Blood Level)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/iStock_000008674036_Small.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-9491\" src=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/iStock_000008674036_Small-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Zincemia low zinc level symptom of celiac disease and gluten\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/iStock_000008674036_Small-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/iStock_000008674036_Small.jpg 849w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>What Is Zincemia?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"dropcap\">Z<\/span>incemia means the zinc level in blood plasma is too low to meet metabolic needs of the body for this mineral.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Q:<\/strong> How important is a normal blood level of zinc?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>A:<\/strong> A low blood level of zinc is characterized by widespread alterations in energy metabolism, growth, hemoglobin, carbon dioxide transport, hormone activity, insulin storage, many enzyme activities, prostaglandin function, collagen production, male fertility, protein synthesis, and vitamin A metabolism.<\/p>\n<h2>What Is Zincemia In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity?<\/h2>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Relationship between zincemia and celiac disease.<\/strong> Low blood zinc level is a symptom of malabsorption characterized by impaired immunity and defense against infection, reproduction, normal growth, and fetal organ development during pregnancy. Severe deficiency causes immunologic disorders.<a href=\"#footnote_1_153\" id=\"identifier_1_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Krause&rsquo;s Food, Nutrition, &amp; Diet Therapy. 10th Edition. Kathleen Mahan, Sylvia Escott-Stump. 2000. W.B. Saunders Company.\">1<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Relationship between zincemia and small intestinal mucosa.\u00a0<\/strong>Malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies of zinc predispose to mucosal damage, including the small intestinal lining.<a href=\"#footnote_2_153\" id=\"identifier_2_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Davidson G, Kritas S, Butler R. Stressed mucosa. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2007;59:133-42; discussion 143-6.\">2<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Relationship between zincemia and\u00a0intestinal transglutaminase.\u00a0<\/strong>Zinc deficiency might play an important role in the pathogenesis of celiac disease in that it might aggravate the induced disease by allowing calcium to activate intestinal transglutaminase.<a href=\"#footnote_3_153\" id=\"identifier_3_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Roth EB, Sjoberg K, Stenberg P. Biochemical and immuno-pathological aspects of tissue transglutaminase in coeliac disease. Autoimmunity. Jun 2003;36(4):221-6.\">3<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Relationship between zincemia and vitamins A and D deficiency.\u00a0<\/strong>Plasma zinc levels are dependent upon adequate levels of vitamin A and vitamin D.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How Prevalent Is Zincemia In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity?<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet black\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Low blood zinc level is a common laboratory result in untreated patients with celiac disease.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Research has found zincemia present in more than 50% of untreated children with celiac disease.<a href=\"#footnote_4_153\" id=\"identifier_4_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, et al. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. Nov 1996;23(4):408-12.\">4<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Zinc level was found significantly lower in\u00a0untreated children under 4 years of age with gluten enteropathy.<a href=\"#footnote_5_153\" id=\"identifier_5_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"H&ouml;gberg L, Danielsson L, Jarleman S, Sundqvist T, Stenhammar L. Serum zinc in small children with coeliac disease. Acta Paediatr. 2009 Feb;98(2):343-5.\">5<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Zinc deficiency was observed in 67% of 80 newly diagnosed patients before start of gluten free diet. Vitamin deficiencies were barely seen in healthy controls.\u00a0<span style=\"color: black\">The observed findings in this study, sharing deficiencies in water and fat soluble vitamins, zinc and iron, indicate that maldigestion, malabsorption or a structurally moderately inadequate intake might have been present long before the clinical diagnosis of celiac disease was established. &#8220;<\/span>Extensive nutritional assessments seem warranted to guide nutritional advices and follow-up in celiac disease treatment.&#8221;<a href=\"#footnote_6_153\" id=\"identifier_6_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Wierdsma NJ, van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren MA, Berkenpas M, Mulder CJ, van Bodegraven AA. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are highly prevalent in newly diagnosed celiac disease patients.&nbsp;Nutrients. 2013 Sep 30;5(10):3975-92. doi: 10.3390\/nu5103975.\">6<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">In an Iranian study zinc concentrations in patients diagnosed with celiac disease were significantly lower than healthy subjects (75.97\u00b112 compared with 92.83\u00b118).<a href=\"#footnote_7_153\" id=\"identifier_7_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Fathi F, Ektefa F, Tafazzoli M, Rostami K, Rostami Nejad M, Fathi M, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Oskouie AA, Zali MR. The concentration of serum zinc in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects in Tehran. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2013 Spring;6(2):92-5.\">7<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What Are the Symptoms of Zincemia?<\/h2>\n<p>Low blood zinc level\u00a0is marked by these symptoms:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\">\n<li>Anorexia (Loss of appetite).<\/li>\n<li>Apathy.<\/li>\n<li>Brittle nails.<\/li>\n<li>Delayed wound healing.<\/li>\n<li>Depression.<\/li>\n<li>Eye Floaters.<\/li>\n<li>Fatigue\/Low energy.<\/li>\n<li>Fetal abnormalities.<\/li>\n<li>Frequent infections.<\/li>\n<li>Genetic abnormalities.<\/li>\n<li>Hair loss.<\/li>\n<li>Impaired taste and smell.<\/li>\n<li>Increased recuperation time.<\/li>\n<li>Maternal disorders in pregnancy.<\/li>\n<li>Mental lethargy.<\/li>\n<li>Nervousness.<\/li>\n<li>Nightblindness (seeing poorly in twilight or darkness).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Worsened skin disorders (rough skin, acne, eczema, psoriasis). A nationwide population study found\u00a0a small excess risk of celiac disease in patients with acne who were given the vitamin A medication (Isotretinoin) for it. Unfortunately, acne alone (patients not taking medication) was not documented in the registries so the true percentage of patients with acne could not be determined.<a href=\"#footnote_8_153\" id=\"identifier_8_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Lebwohl B, Sundstr&ouml;m A, Jabri B, Kupfer SS, Green PH, Ludvigsson JF. Isotretinoin use and celiac disease: a population-based cross-sectional study. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2014 Dec;15(6):537-42. doi: 10.1007\/s40257-014-0090-8.\">8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Skeletal abnormalities.<\/li>\n<li>White spots on fingernails.<\/li>\n<li>Worsens diarrhea.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">In children and youth, anemia, hypogonadism, and short stature may develop.<a href=\"#footnote_9_153\" id=\"identifier_9_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Jameson S. Zinc status in pregnancy: the effect of zinc therapy on perinatal mortality, prematurity, and placental ablation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Mar 15, 1993;678:178-92.\">9<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How Does Zincemia In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity Develop?<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"cp_check red\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Low blood zinc level\u00a0results from zinc depletion, zinc malabsorption in celiac disease, and co-existing deficiencies of vitamin A and vitamin D needed to maintain normal zinc blood level.\u00a0Please visit each of these nutrient posts to see which ones are causing your eczema. For example, while vitamin D deficiency itself is a cause of eczema, it will lead to calcium deficiency plus all the other problems that come with this deficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Does Zincemia Respond To Gluten-Free Diet?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Yes. Celiac disease-related zincemia usually resolves on gluten free diet, rising significantly in one year to within the normal\u00a0range for children.<a href=\"#footnote_4_153\" id=\"identifier_10_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, et al. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. Nov 1996;23(4):408-12.\">4<\/a>,<a href=\"#footnote_10_153\" id=\"identifier_11_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"H&ouml;gberg L, Danielsson L, Jarleman S, Sundqvist T, Stenhammar L. Serum zinc in small children with coeliac disease. Acta Paediatr. 2009 Feb;98(2):343-5.\">10<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">A study investigating life-long gluten-free diet in celiac disease patients shows that inadequate intake of zinc is common (more than 10% of patients) and may relate to habitual poor food choices in addition to inherent deficiencies in the gluten free diet. \u201cDietary education should also address the achievement of adequate micronutrient intake.&#8221;<a href=\"#footnote_11_153\" id=\"identifier_12_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Shepherd SJ1, Gibson PR. Nutritional inadequacies of the gluten-free diet in both recently-diagnosed and long-term patients with coeliac disease. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2013 Aug;26(4):349-58. doi: 10.1111\/jhn.12018.\">11<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>6 Steps To Improve Zincemia In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity:<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><span class=\"dropcap\"><strong>1<\/strong><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">Remove the Trigger. Maintain a Strict, Nutritious Gluten Free Diet:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<b>Treatment<\/b>. This condition responds to the complete elimination of gluten, which is the required treatment that improves both zinc levels and gut health.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Gut health is the foundation to restore ALL health. Restored health will enable you to maintain a strict gluten free diet, just as other life tasks will be easier.<\/li>\n<li>A strict gluten free diet means removing 100% of wheat, barley, rye and oats from the diet.<\/li>\n<li>Cutting out bread and other obvious sources of gluten is not good enough for recovery. Even 1\/8th teaspoon of flour or bread crumb is enough to sustain the inflammation that is damaging your small intestine, causing increased permeability (leaky gut) and allowing undigested gluten to enter your body where it can damage structures and function, and instigate immune inflammatory responses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Correct Your Individual Nutritional Needs.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Eat foods that can replenish missing nutrients. Find them under\u00a0NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES.<\/li>\n<li>Take nutritional supplements as needed.\u00a0Find them under\u00a0NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Recovery<\/strong>. You should begin to feel better within a week and notice more energy as inflammation subsides and the \u00a0absorbing cells that make up the surface lining of your small intestine are better able to function.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Intestinal lining cells are replaced every 5 days. The healing process is like sunburn where the damaged surface layer of skin sloughs off and is replaced with new normal cells.<\/li>\n<li>Leaky gut normally resolves in two month after starting a gluten free diet and brings about a big improvement in health. Improvement in intestinal permeability precedes morphometric recovery (cell appearance and structure) of the small intestine in celiac disease.<a href=\"#footnote_12_153\" id=\"identifier_13_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Cummins AG, Thompson FM, Butler RN, et al. Improvement in intestinal permeability precedes morphometric recovery of the small intestine in coeliac disease.&nbsp;Clinical Science. Apr 2001;100(4):379-86.\">12<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The intestinal lining may take up to a year to heal.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><span class=\"dropcap\"><strong>2<\/strong><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">\u00a0Reduce Inflammation. Foods to Eat and Foods Not to Eat:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Because gluten is inflammatory, eliminate OTHER inflammatory foods from your diet to reduce an additive effect to gluten. At the same time, try to eat foods that reduce inflammation (anti-inflammatory).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Here Are Major Inflammatory Food Types That Reduce Healing<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet red\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>Damaging Foods<\/strong>. In susceptible persons, includes corn, dairy (cow), and soy. Lactose, the sugar in any animal milk disrupts intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_13_153\" id=\"identifier_14_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">13<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Allergenic Foods<\/strong>. Includes foods that trigger the immune sytem to produce IgE antibodies. Allergy testing is the usual way to discover these offending foods.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shelf Stable Processed Foods.\u00a0<\/strong>Includes any that contain additives and preservatives. Look for them on the nutrition label of the box or package. Additives and preservatives also disrupt intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_13_153\" id=\"identifier_15_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">13<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Fats.<\/strong>\u00a0Limit deep fried foods, trans-fats, saturated fats (animal fat\/butter), and EXCESSIVE omega-6 fatty acid oils like corn oil. Rancid fats, sodium caprate (a medium chain fat), and sucrose monester fatty acid (a food grade surfactant) induce significant disruption of the intestinal barrier that causes leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_13_153\" id=\"identifier_16_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">13<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Excessive Refined White Flours\u00a0<\/strong>(bran layer removed)<strong>.\u00a0<\/strong>Includes\u00a0products made from them such as cookies, bread, cakes, pies.\u00a0Bran contains the vitamins and minerals that metabolize grains and slows the otherwise rapid entry of sugar from their digestion into the bloodstream.\u00a0Also disrupt intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_13_153\" id=\"identifier_17_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">13<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Refined Sugars.\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0Includes white sugar, corn fructose and high fructose corn syrup.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Certain Spices<\/strong>. Includes paprika and cayenne pepper which disrupt intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_13_153\" id=\"identifier_18_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">13<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Alcohol and Caffeine<\/strong>. Disrupt intestinal permeability causing leaky gut.<a href=\"#footnote_13_153\" id=\"identifier_19_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.&nbsp;Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2003;18:479-91.\">13<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Here Are Important Anti-Inflammatory Food Types to Promote Health<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><strong>Fruits<\/strong>.\u00a0Contain ample amounts of vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals which are\u00a0naturally occuring components in plants that detoxify toxins, carcinogens (reducing the risk by 50%) and mutagens.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Non-Starchy Vegetables.<\/strong>\u00a0Support intestinal integrity and provide ample amounts of vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals. Includes green leafy vegetables such as lettuce and kale, also onion, broccoli, garlic, and others.<\/li>\n<li><strong>High Quality Complex Carbohydrates<\/strong>. Provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber while boosting serotonin levels to help you relax and feel calm. Includes whole grains, legumes, and root vegetables such as carrots, parsnips, sweet potatoes, turnips, red beets, and others.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Antioxidants<\/strong>. Protect the body from inflammatory oxidant molecules that continually occur and\u00a0help us handle stress and reduce irritability. Includes vitamin C-containing foods such as lemon, grapefruit, apricot, Brussels sprouts and strawberries, and others. Also, includes vitamin E-containing foods such as\u00a0nuts, seeds, avocado, olive oil, and others. Cocoa is good, too.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Omega-3 Fatty Acids<\/strong>. Balance opposing omega-6 fatty acids and bad fats. Fish sources includes tuna, salmon, cod, and others. Plants sources include flax, chia seeds, canola oil, and others.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Probiotics.\u00a0<\/strong>Supply normal microbes needed for colon health and health of the body such as these fermented foods: yogurt, kefir, and unpasteurized apple cider vinegar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prebiotics\/ High Fiber Foods<\/strong>. \u00a0Food with fiber keeps our population of colonic microbes healthy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Protective Herbs and Spices<\/strong>. \u00a0See below #6 below for examples.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong><span class=\"dropcap\">3<\/span>\u00a0Information Sheet You Can Take to Your Doctor or Other Health Professional:<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Click here.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong><em><span class=\"dropcap\">4<\/span>\u00a0Manage Your Medications\u00a0Safely<\/em>:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Certain medications deplete zinc which causes zincemia. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about this possible adverse effect if you are taking any of the drugs listed below.\u00a0<strong>Do not stop prescribed medications without supervision.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0This is not a complete listing.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>ANTACIDS \/ ULCER MEDICATIONS<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet blue\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Pepcid\u00ae, Tagamet\u00ae, Zantac\u00ae deplete Zinc.<\/li>\n<li>Magnesium and Aluminum Antacid preparations (Gaviscon\u00ae, Maalox\u00ae, Mylanta\u00ae) deplete\u00a0\u00a0Zinc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>ANTIBIOTICS\u00a0<\/strong>disrupt intestinal permeability which complicates celiac disease.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet blue\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>\u00a0Tetracyclines deplete\u00a0\u00a0Zinc.<\/li>\n<li>Cipro depletes Zinc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>ANTI-INFLAMMATORIES<\/strong>\u00a0disrupt intestinal permeability which complicates celiac disease.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet blue\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Corticosteroids (Prednisone, Medrol\u00ae, Aristocort\u00ae, Decadron) deplete Zinc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>ANTICONVULSANTS<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet blue\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Phenobarbital and Barbituates; and Dilantin\u00ae, Tegretol\u00ae, Mysoline\u00ae, Depakane\/Depacon\u00ae deplete Zinc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>ANTIVIRAL AGENTS<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet blue\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Zidovudine (Retrovir\u00ae, AZT and other related drugs) deplete\u00a0Zinc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet blue\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Antihypertensives (Catapres\u00ae, Aldomet) deplete \u00a0Zinc.<\/li>\n<li>ACE Inhibitors\u00a0<em>(Capoten<em>\u00ae<\/em>, Vasotec\u00ae, Monopril\u00ae and others)<\/em>\u00a0deplete Zinc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>FEMALE HORMONES<\/strong>\u00a0disrupt intestinal permeability which complicate celiac disease.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet blue\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Oral Contraceptives (Norinyl\u00ae, Ortho-Novum\u00ae, Triphasil\u00ae, and others) deplete Zinc and others.<br \/>\nCorrelation analysis shows significant association between some trace elements and the duration of contraception and body mass index of the participants.<a href=\"#footnote_14_153\" id=\"identifier_20_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Akinloye O1, Adebayo TO, Oguntibeju OO, Oparinde DP, Ogunyemi EO. Effects of contraceptives on serum trace elements, calcium and phosphorus levels. West Indian Med J. 2011 Jun;60(3):308-15.\">14<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Oral Estrogen\/Hormone Replacement (Evista\u00ae, Prempro\u00ae, Premarin\u00ae, Estratab\u00ae and others) deplete \u00a0Zinc and others.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>DIURETICS<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet blue\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Thiazide Diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide, Enduron\u00ae, Diuril\u00ae, Lozol\u00ae, Zaroxolyn\u00ae, Hygroton\u00ae and others) deplete Zinc.<\/li>\n<li>Loop Diuretics (Lasix\u00ae, Bumex\u00ae, Edecrin\u00ae) depletes Zinc.<\/li>\n<li>Potassium Sparing Diuretics (Midamor\u00ae, Aldactone\u00ae, Dyrenium\u00ae and others) deplete Zinc.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><em><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong><span class=\"dropcap\">5<\/span>Nutritional Supplements To Help Correct Deficiencies:<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The type and quantity of nutritional supplements that may be needed depend on which nutrients are deficient.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet orange\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Multivitamin\/mineral combination once a day is useful to improve overall nutrient levels. This is a safe dose, but always check with your doctor to avoid interactions with medications.<\/li>\n<li>Chelated zinc as prescribed, but do not take at same time as calcium because they compete for absorption.<\/li>\n<li>Vitamin A as prescribed for accompanying deficiency following blood test for status.<\/li>\n<li>Vitamin D as prescribed for accompanying deficiency following blood test for status.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Storage Note<\/strong>:\u00a0<em>Store container tightly sealed, away from heat, moisture and direct light to avoid loss of potency. That is, in a safe kitchen cabinet &#8211; not in the bathroom or on the kitchen table<\/em>.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<ul class=\"cp_check green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #800000\"><em><strong><span class=\"dropcap\">6<\/span>Manage Natural Remedies:\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Hydration<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Eight glasses of water are recommended per day unless there is a contraindication such as kidney or heart disease. The Institute of Medicine recommends approximately 2.7 liters (91 ounces) of total water, from all beverages and foods, each day for women and 3.7 liters (125 ounces) daily of total water for men.<\/li>\n<li>If you are thirsty, drink water. Add fresh, squeezed lemon to water. Lemon is anti-inflammatory, alkalizing and provides vitamin C.<\/li>\n<li>Hydration Test: Urine should be pale yellow. Fingertips should be plump, without pruning but this may not be reliable when fingers are swollen with edema. Lips should be plump, without puckering. The feeling of thirst can be unreliable.<\/li>\n<li>What is wrong with soda, coffee, tea, and alcohol? These drinks are dehydrating, increase acid, and deplete nutrients.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Carminatives.\u00a0<\/strong>The following \u00a0anti-inflammatory\u00a0plant sources called carminitives help heal the digestive tract. They also tone the digestive muscles which improves peristalsis, thus aiding in the expulsion of gas from the stomach and intestine to relieve digestive colic and gastric discomfort.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Carminative Food Remedies<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Raspberry.<\/li>\n<li>Carrot is also a cleansing digestive tonic.<\/li>\n<li>Grape is also bile stimulating and a cleansing remedy for sluggish digestion and laxative.<\/li>\n<li>Redbeets also stimulate and improve digestion and are easily digested.<\/li>\n<li>Cabbage also stimulates and improves digestion and is also a liver decongestant.<\/li>\n<li>Lettuce also stimulates and improves digestion and is also an alterative, meaning it improves the function of organs involved with the digestion and excretion of waste products to bring about a gradual change.<\/li>\n<li>Potatoes are antispasmodic (due to atropine like properties) and a liver remedy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Carminative Herb Remedies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Sage is also a digestive, astringent, bile stimulant and energy tonic that heals the mucosa. \u00a0Drink as tea or use in cooking.<\/li>\n<li>Chamomile, lemon balm, and fennel, (as a tea) also help relieve nervous tension.<\/li>\n<li>Parsley also relieves indigestion.<\/li>\n<li>Rosemary as a tea and in cooking also is a nervous system tonic for stress and fatigue, bile stimulant, and can relieve headaches and indigestion.<\/li>\n<li>Thyme is also soothing remedy useful for stimulating digestion of rich, fatty foods.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Carminative Spice Remedies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Cloves are also antispasmodic.<\/li>\n<li>Nutmeg is also useful for indigestion.<\/li>\n<li>Ginger.\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><div class=\"box shadow\"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"tieicon-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t<strong>Exercise Helps<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Exercise improves circulation and rids the body of toxins.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"cp_bullet green\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Walking is aerobic exercise that reconditions the whole body to improve stamina.\u00a0Read more about<a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/2014\/07\/08\/fitness-guide\/\">\u00a0Exercise and Fitness<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Weight training builds muscle.\u00a0Read more about\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/2014\/07\/08\/fitness-guide\/\">Exercise and Fitness<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Stretching improves flexibilty.\u00a0Read more about\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/2014\/07\/08\/fitness-guide\/\">Exercise and Fitness<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Note<\/strong>: Exercise is important, but the amount and type of exercise undertaken depends on your health. Your first priority is to heal. \n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<h2>What Do Medical Research Studies Tell About Zincemia\u00a0In Celiac Disease and\/or Gluten Sensitivity?<\/h2>\n<h4><strong>RESEARCH STUDY SUMMARIES<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><b>&#8220;Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are highly prevalent in newly diagnosed celiac disease patients.\u201d<\/b>\u00a0This study aiming to assess the nutritional and vitamin\/mineral status of current &#8220;early diagnosed&#8221; untreated adult celiac disease (CD)-patients in the Netherlands found that\u00a0vitamin\/mineral deficiencies are still common in these patients. Specifically, zinc deficiency was found in 67% of the CD-patients.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Eighty newly diagnosed adult CD-patients were included and a comparable sample of 24 healthy Dutch subjects was added to compare vitamin concentrations. Nutritional status and serum concentrations of folic acid, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and (25-hydroxy) vitamin D, zinc, haemoglobin (Hb) and ferritin were determined before prescribing gluten free diet. Almost all CD-patients (87%) had at least one value below the lower limit of reference.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Vitamin\/mineral deficiencies were counter-intuitively not associated with a (higher) grade of histological intestinal damage or (impaired) nutritional status. Extensive nutritional assessments seem warranted to guide nutritional advices and follow-up in CD treatment.<a href=\"#footnote_6_153\" id=\"identifier_21_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Wierdsma NJ, van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren MA, Berkenpas M, Mulder CJ, van Bodegraven AA. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are highly prevalent in newly diagnosed celiac disease patients.&nbsp;Nutrients. 2013 Sep 30;5(10):3975-92. doi: 10.3390\/nu5103975.\">6<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u201cThe concentration of serum zinc in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects in Tehran.\u201d<\/strong> This study investigating serum levels of zinc in patient with celiac disease compared to healthy subjects demonstrated that serum zinc concentration is decreased in celiac patients compare to healthy controls.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Sera of 30 celiac cases and 30 healthy normal cohorts as control group were obtained. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was employed for estimating serum zinc level. Zinc concentrations in patients diagnosed with celiac disease were significantly lower than healthy subjects (75.97\u00b112 compared with 92.83\u00b118, P-value &lt; 0.0001).<a href=\"#footnote_7_153\" id=\"identifier_22_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Fathi F, Ektefa F, Tafazzoli M, Rostami K, Rostami Nejad M, Fathi M, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Oskouie AA, Zali MR. The concentration of serum zinc in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects in Tehran. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2013 Spring;6(2):92-5.\">7<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u201cCeliac Disease: Presentation of 109 Children.\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0This retrospective study investigating clinical and laboratory features of 109 patients with celiac disease to determine presentation and manifestations found zinc deficiency in 64.1%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Of 109 patients with celiac disease, 66 (60.6%) were classical type, 41 (37.6%) were atypical type and 2 (1.8%) were silent type. The mean age was 8.81 \u00b1 4.63 years and the most common symptom was diarrhea (53.2%) followed by failure to thrive, short stature, and abdominal pain. Paleness (40.4%), underweight (34.8%), and short stature (31.2%) were the most common findings.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Iron deficiency anemia (81.6%), prolonged prothrombin time (35.8%), and elevated transaminase levels (24.7%) were the most common laboratory findings. Eight percent of patients had at least 1 autoantibody, and 28 of 52 patients had low BMD. Abdominal distention, iron deficiency, prolonged prothrombin time, hypoalbuminemia, and elevated transaminase levels were more significantly frequent in the classical type than atypical type.<a href=\"#footnote_15_153\" id=\"identifier_23_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Kulo\u011flu Z, Kirsa&ccedil;lio\u011flu CT, Kansu A, Ensari A, Girgin N. Celiac Disease: Presentation of 109 Children.&nbsp;Yonsei Med J.&nbsp;2009 October 31; 50(5): 617&ndash;623.\">15<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u201cSerum zinc in small children with celiac disease.\u201d<\/strong> This study investigated the relationship between the serum concentration of zinc to the morphology of the small bowel mucosa in 58 children, all under 4 years of age and under investigation for celiac disease. \u00a0It showed that serum zinc concentration is decreased in untreated celiac children with enteropathy and normalizes on gluten-free diet. A low serum zinc value in a child being investigated for possible celiac disease on clinical grounds can thus be used as a complementary marker for enteropathy indicating further investigation with small bowel biopsy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The mean serum concentration of zinc was significantly lower in 11 children with untreated celiac disease (9.7 +\/- 2.0) compared to 16 non-celiac children without enteropathy (15.1 +\/- 2.3 years), 14 celiac children on a gluten-free diet without enteropathy (14.2 +\/- 1.6 years) 12 celiac children on gluten challenge with enteropathy (14.1 +\/- 2.1) and 6 celiac children on gluten challenge without enteropathy (13.8 +\/- 1.9).<a href=\"#footnote_16_153\" id=\"identifier_24_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"H&ouml;gberg L1, Danielsson L, Jarleman S, Sundqvist T, Stenhammar L. Serum zinc in small children with coeliac disease. Acta Paediatr. 2009 Feb;98(2):343-5. doi: 10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.01085.x.\">16<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u201dSerum zinc in small children with celiac disease.\u201d<\/strong> This study relating the serum concentration of zinc to the morphology (biopsy result) of the small bowel mucosa in 58 children, all under 4 years of age and under investigation for celiac disease found that serum zinc concentration is decreased in untreated celiac children with enteropathy and normalizes on gluten-free diet.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The mean serum concentration of zinc was significantly lower in 11 untreated children with celiac disease (9.7 +\/- 2.0) compared to 16 non-celiac children without enteropathy (15.1 +\/- 2.3), 14 celiac children on a gluten-free diet without enteropathy (14.2 +\/- 1.6), 12 celiac children on gluten challenge with enteropathy (14.1 +\/- 2.1) and 6 celiac children on gluten challenge without enteropathy (13.8 +\/- 1.9).<a href=\"#footnote_17_153\" id=\"identifier_25_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"H&ouml;gberg L, Danielsson L, Jarleman S, Sundqvist T, Stenhammar L. Serum zinc in small children with coeliac disease. Acta Paediatr. 2009 Feb;98(2):343-5.\">17<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u201cRestoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet.\u201d<\/strong> This study investigating anthropometric, biochemical, and bone densitometric assessment performed in 23 celiac children aged 1 to 12 years at diagnosis and one year after gluten free diet demonstrated that a year of gluten free diet allows virtually complete return in body mass composition. Serum zinc values rose significantly during the year of gluten free diet.<a href=\"#footnote_4_153\" id=\"identifier_26_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, et al. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. Nov 1996;23(4):408-12.\">4<\/a><\/p>\n<ol class=\"footnotes\"><li id=\"footnote_1_153\" class=\"footnote\">Krause&#8217;s Food, Nutrition, &amp; Diet Therapy. 10th Edition. Kathleen Mahan, Sylvia Escott-Stump. 2000. W.B. Saunders Company.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_1_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_2_153\" class=\"footnote\">Davidson G, Kritas S, Butler R. Stressed mucosa. <em>Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program<\/em>. 2007;59:133-42; discussion 143-6.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_2_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_3_153\" class=\"footnote\">Roth EB, Sjoberg K, Stenberg P. Biochemical and immuno-pathological aspects of tissue transglutaminase in coeliac disease. <em>Autoimmunity<\/em>. Jun 2003;36(4):221-6.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_3_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_4_153\" class=\"footnote\">Rea F, Polito C, Marotta A, et al. Restoration of body composition in celiac children after one year of gluten-free diet. <em>Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition<\/em>. Nov 1996;23(4):408-12.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_4_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_10_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_26_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_5_153\" class=\"footnote\">H\u00f6gberg L, Danielsson L, Jarleman S, Sundqvist T, Stenhammar L. Serum zinc in small children with coeliac disease. <em>Acta Paediatr<\/em>. 2009 Feb;98(2):343-5.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_5_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_6_153\" class=\"footnote\">Wierdsma NJ, van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren MA, Berkenpas M, Mulder CJ, van Bodegraven AA. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are highly prevalent in newly diagnosed celiac disease patients.<span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><em>Nutrients<\/em>. 2013 Sep 30;5(10):3975-92. doi: 10.3390\/nu5103975.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_6_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_21_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_7_153\" class=\"footnote\">Fathi F, Ektefa F, Tafazzoli M, Rostami K, Rostami Nejad M, Fathi M, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Oskouie AA, Zali MR. The concentration of serum zinc in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects in Tehran. <em>Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench<\/em>. 2013 Spring;6(2):92-5.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_7_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_22_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_8_153\" class=\"footnote\">Lebwohl B, Sundstr\u00f6m A, Jabri B, Kupfer SS, Green PH, Ludvigsson JF. Isotretinoin use and celiac disease: a population-based cross-sectional study. <em>Am J Clin Dermatol<\/em>. 2014 Dec;15(6):537-42. doi: 10.1007\/s40257-014-0090-8.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_8_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_9_153\" class=\"footnote\">Jameson S. Zinc status in pregnancy: the effect of zinc therapy on perinatal mortality, prematurity, and placental ablation. <em>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.<\/em> Mar 15, 1993;678:178-92.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_9_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_10_153\" class=\"footnote\">H\u00f6gberg L, Danielsson L, Jarleman S, Sundqvist T, Stenhammar L. Serum zinc in small children with coeliac disease. <em>Acta Paediatr<\/em>. 2009 Feb;98(2):343-5. <span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_11_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_11_153\" class=\"footnote\">Shepherd SJ1, Gibson PR. Nutritional inadequacies of the gluten-free diet in both recently-diagnosed and long-term patients with coeliac disease. <em>J Hum Nutr Diet<\/em>. 2013 Aug;26(4):349-58. doi: 10.1111\/jhn.12018.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_12_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_12_153\" class=\"footnote\">Cummins AG, Thompson FM, Butler RN, et al. Improvement in intestinal permeability precedes morphometric recovery of the small intestine in coeliac disease.\u00a0<em>Clinical Science<\/em>. Apr 2001;100(4):379-86.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_13_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_13_153\" class=\"footnote\">Farhadi A, Banan A, Fields J, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal barrier: an interface between health and disease.\u00a0<em>Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology<\/em>. 2003;18:479-91.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_14_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_15_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_16_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_17_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_18_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_19_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_14_153\" class=\"footnote\">Akinloye O1, Adebayo TO, Oguntibeju OO, Oparinde DP, Ogunyemi EO. Effects of contraceptives on serum trace elements, calcium and phosphorus levels. <em>West Indian Med J<\/em>. 2011 Jun;60(3):308-15.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_20_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_15_153\" class=\"footnote\">Kulo\u011flu Z, Kirsa\u00e7lio\u011flu CT, Kansu A, Ensari A, Girgin N. Celiac Disease: Presentation of 109 Children.\u00a0<em>Yonsei Med J.<\/em>\u00a02009 October 31; 50(5): 617\u2013623.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_23_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_16_153\" class=\"footnote\">H\u00f6gberg L1, Danielsson L, Jarleman S, Sundqvist T, Stenhammar L. Serum zinc in small children with coeliac disease. <em>Acta Paediatr.<\/em> 2009 Feb;98(2):343-5. doi: 10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.01085.x.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_24_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_17_153\" class=\"footnote\">H\u00f6gberg L, Danielsson L, Jarleman S, Sundqvist T, Stenhammar L. Serum zinc in small children with coeliac disease. <em>Acta Paediatr.<\/em> 2009 Feb;98(2):343-5.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_25_153\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What Is Zincemia? Zincemia means the zinc level in blood plasma is too low to meet metabolic needs of the body for this mineral. Q: How important is a normal blood level of zinc? A: A low blood level of zinc is characterized by widespread alterations in energy metabolism, growth, hemoglobin, carbon dioxide transport, hormone &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":9491,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,99,1682,974,48,109],"tags":[1785,445,517,470,863,2144,327,1585,1588,1012,776,1587,1586,383,437,1160,1512,771,529,1589,100,1886,1583,616,1584,1590,1907,785],"class_list":["post-153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-conditions-2","category-blood-component","category-malabsorption-disorders","category-symptoms","category-blood","category-zinc","tag-acne","tag-apathy","tag-brittle-nails","tag-depression","tag-eczema","tag-eye-floaters","tag-fatigue","tag-fetal-abnormalities","tag-frequent-infections","tag-hair-loss","tag-health-conditions","tag-impaired-smell","tag-impaires-taste","tag-lethargy","tag-loss-of-appetite","tag-nervousness","tag-nightblindness","tag-psoriasis","tag-rough-skin","tag-slow-recuperation","tag-symptom","tag-blood","tag-tiredness","tag-vitamin-a-deficiency","tag-white-spots-on-nails","tag-worsened-skin-disorders","tag-zinc","tag-zincemia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=153"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18310,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions\/18310"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreeworks.com\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}