What Are Multiple Gastric Ulcerations? Multiple gastric ulcerations denote a stomach disorder that involves damage to the superficial mucosa characterized by many sores of the stomach antrum that are marked by inflammation, necrosis (death of the affected cells) and sloughing of ...
Read More »Gastroparesis – Delayed Gastric Emptying
What Is Delayed Gastric Emptying? Delayed gastric emptying is a stomach motility or movement disorder characterized by abnormally slow movement of gastric contents from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum, causing dyspepsia. Q: What determines how fast ...
Read More »Heartburn
What Is Heartburn? Heartburn is a functional upper digestive symptom of esophagitis that is characterized by a burning sensation behind the breastbone. Q: Why does esophagitis cause heartburn? A: Esophagitis is inflammation of the mucosal lining of the esophagus. The most ...
Read More »Esophageal Motor Abnormalities – Food Sticks In Esophagus
What Are Esophageal Motor Abnormalities? Esophageal motor abnormalities are disorders of the esophagus involving altered muscular motility characterized by impaired esophageal peristalsis, or the progressive wave-like movement that occurs automatically when food or fluids are swallowed. Q: What is altered ...
Read More »Cancer, Esophageal Small Cell
What Is Esophageal Small Cell Cancer (Carcinoma)? Esophageal small cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignancy arising in the esophagus with a poor prognosis. Q: Where does the cancer occur in the esophagus? A: Esophageal cancer can occur anywhere in ...
Read More »Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing)
What Is Dysphagia? Dysphagia is a functional upper digestive disorder characterized by difficulty in swallowing or food getting stuck and swallowing that takes longer than 10 seconds to complete. Q: What determines the symptoms? A: Symptoms depend on the location ...
Read More »Cancer Of The Esophagus
What Is Cancer Of The Esophagus? Cancer of the esophagus is a malignancy arising in the stratified squamous cell lining of any part of the esophagus and having a poor prognosis. This tumor first invades the deeper layers of the ...
Read More »Cancer, Post-Cricoid
What Is Post-Cricoid Carcinoma? Post-cricoid carcinoma is a rare malignancy arising in the hypopharynx. Q: What is the hypopharynx? A: The hypopharynx is the lower portion of the pharynx that opens into the larynx. It is comprised of the postcricoid ...
Read More »Laryngospasm
What Is Laryngospasm? Laryngospasm is an acute disorder of the larynx that is characterized by life-threatening spasms of the muscles of the larynx located in the throat. Laryngospasm is a rare feature of hypocalcemia (low blood calcium level) characterized by ...
Read More »Geographic Tongue
What Is Geographic Tongue? Geographic tongue is a painful alteration in tongue tissue that is characteristic of riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency.1 Q: How does the tongue surface appear? A: Areas of inflamed tissue with flattened papillae develop among areas of normal tissue, ...
Read More »Oral Mucosal Lesions, Chronic (Mouth Soreness)
What Are Chronic Oral Mucosal Lesions? Chronic lesions of the oral mucosa are disorders of the mouth that are characterized by soreness and sores of the soft mucosal lining of the mouth. What Are Chronic Oral Mucosal Lesions In Celiac ...
Read More »Bleeding / Swollen Gums
What Are Bleeding / Swollen Gums? Bleeding and/or swollen gums is an inflammatory disorder characterized by changes in gum integrity that may result in tooth loss. Sponginess of the gum (swelling) indicates inflammation, called gingivitis. Q: What causes gingivitis? A: Gingivitis that ...
Read More »Cheilosis (Cracks in corners of mouth)
What Is Cheilosis? Cheilosis is a painful feature of nutritional deficiencies, especially riboflavin and/or pyridoxine deficiency, and less frequently, from vitamin B12, folic acid, and iron. It is characterized by redness of the lips with cracking and weeping in the ...
Read More »Aphthous Ulcers (Canker Sores)
What Are Aphthous Ulcers? Aphthous ulcers, also called canker sores, are a chronic disorder of soft mouth tissue characterized by small, painful purpuric, papular, or erosive lesions that are often surrounded by erythematous (red) margins.1 Q: What soft mouth tissues develop ...
Read More »Increased Appetite
What Is Increased Appetite? Increased appetite is the increased desire for food. Q: What causes appetite. A: Appetite is caused by hunger. The brain monitors nutritional needs and employs a hunger mechanism to alert us when fresh food is needed. Hunger is ...
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